Legal Foundations and Implications of Civil Deeds of Settlement in the Indonesian Legal System
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58829/lp.11.1.2024.1-19Keywords:
Mediation, Dispute resolution, Peace Agreement, Legal certainty, Normative legal approachAbstract
. In everyday life, people often take legal actions that can lead to disputes due to differing opinions and perspectives. This research looks at the legal basis for civil deeds of settlement in the Indonesian legal system by examining relevant regulations and laws, such as Articles 1851 of the Civil Code and Article 130 of the Het Herziene Indonesisch Reglement (HIR). Using a normative legal research method, the study analyzes existing laws, highlighting how peace agreements can help resolve disputes through litigation or alternative dispute resolution (ADR). It emphasizes the importance of good faith during mediation and the role of judges in encouraging amicable settlements. The findings underscore that civil deeds of settlement serve as a valuable mechanism for resolving conflicts outside traditional litigation, with their legal binding nature reinforced through documentation as peace deeds, which acquire the same legal force as court decisions when registered. This aspect provides assurance that agreements will be upheld, promoting security in contractual relationships. Moreover, while judges play a minimal role in enforcement, they facilitate mediation, ensuring parties explore amicable resolutions. Ultimately, this study advocates for a broader understanding and adoption of civil deeds of settlement, enhancing the effectiveness of dispute resolution in Indonesia.
Abstrak. Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, masyarakat sering melakukan tindakan hukum yang dapat menimbulkan sengketa karena adanya perbedaan pendapat dan sudut pandang. Penelitian ini mengkaji dasar hukum akta perdamaian dalam sistem hukum Indonesia dengan mengkaji peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku, seperti Pasal 1851 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata dan Pasal 130 Het Herziene Indonesisch Reglement (HIR). Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif, penelitian ini menganalisis peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku, dengan menyoroti bagaimana perjanjian perdamaian dapat membantu menyelesaikan sengketa melalui litigasi atau penyelesaian sengketa alternatif (ADR). Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya itikad baik selama mediasi dan peran hakim dalam mendorong penyelesaian secara damai. Temuan penelitian ini menggarisbawahi bahwa akta perdamaian berfungsi sebagai mekanisme yang berharga untuk menyelesaikan konflik di luar litigasi tradisional, dengan sifat mengikat secara hukum yang diperkuat melalui dokumentasi sebagai akta perdamaian, yang memperoleh kekuatan hukum yang sama dengan putusan pengadilan saat didaftarkan. Aspek ini memberikan jaminan bahwa perjanjian akan ditegakkan, sehingga meningkatkan keamanan dalam hubungan kontraktual. Selain itu, meskipun hakim memainkan peran minimal dalam penegakan hukum, mereka memfasilitasi mediasi, memastikan para pihak mencari penyelesaian secara damai. Pada akhirnya, penelitian ini menganjurkan pemahaman dan adopsi yang lebih luas tentang akta perdata, yang meningkatkan efektivitas penyelesaian sengketa di Indonesia.
Kata kunci: Mediasi, Penyelesaian sengketa, Perjanjian damai, Kepastian hukum, Pendekatan hukum normatif
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